Third term proyects

Well, im going to start  with the  frist proyect we made, it was about to represent a greek god or a greek semigod, i chose perseus.

Perseus was the son of a mortal woman, Danae, and the great god Zeus, the king of heaven. Danae's father, King Acrisius, had learned from an oracle that one day his grandson would kill him and, terrified, grabbed his daughter and drove all suitors. But Zeus was a god and wanted his daughter Danae. He entered the prison disguised golden shower of rain, and the result of their union was Perseus. When Acrisius discovered that, despite his precautions, had a grandson, put Danae and her son in a wooden chest and threw it into the sea, hoping to drown.


But Zeus sent winds that pushed the mother and child across the sea to the shore. The chest came ashore on an island where a fisherman found him. The king who ruled the island received Danae and Perseus and offered them shelter. Perseus grew up there strong and courageous, and when his mother felt uncomfortable insinuations did not want the king, the young man accepted the challenge launched this annoying suitor. The challenge was to bring the head of the Gorgon Medusa.

Perseus did not accept this dangerous mission because he wanted to gain personal glory, but because he loved his mother and was willing to risk his life to protect.

The Gorgon Medusa was so horrific that only look at his face turned to stone the observer. Perseus needed the help of the gods to defeat it, and Zeus, his father made sure he was offered such assistance. Hades, king of the underworld, loaned him a helmet that made him invisible to the wearer; Hermes, the divine messenger, supplied him with winged sandals, and Athena gave him the sword and shield so brightly polished special that served as a mirror. With this shield, Perseus could see the reflection of Medusa, and thus cut off his head without looking directly at your ugly face.

With this monstrous head, conveniently hidden in a bag, turned to home. During the trip he saw a beautiful maiden chained to a rock that was on the beach, waiting for death at the hands of a terrible sea monster. He knew he was called Andromeda and that they were sacrificing the monster because his mother had offended the gods. Moved by her situation and her beauty, she fell in love with Perseus and released, making the stone monster with the head of the Gorgon Medusa. He returned with Andromeda to present to his mother who, in his absence, he had been deeply troubled by the insinuations of the evil king, to the point that, in desperation, had to seek refuge in the temple of Athena.

Again, Perseus hovered Medusa's head, turning into stone all enemies of his mother. Then he gave the head to Athena, who placed her on his shield, which henceforth became his emblem. Also returned the other gifts to the gods that they had been given.

Andromeda and he lived in peace and harmony since then and had many children. His only regret was that, one day, while taking part in some athletic games, released an album that went too far driven by a gust of wind, and accidentally struck and killed an elderly man. This man was Acrisius, Perseus's grandfather. At the end, thus the oracle was fulfilled the deceased elder both had endeavored to avoid. But Perseus was no spirit of bitterness or revenge and, because of this accidental death, refused to continue governing his rightful kingdom. Consequently, exchanged with neighboring kingdoms, King Argos, and built for himself a powerful city, Mycenae, where he lived a long time with his family in love and honor.


After all the presentations of the gods finidshed we had a debste in wich the topic was greece. The conclusions of the debate were:
-The women didnt had much rights in greece but they had their own sports festival.

-         -The gods where a good example for them but to the actual days community they are a bad influence.

-         - They had a good economy.

-          -The illnesses suffered by the Greeks were similar to those of today's world, with a predominance of the epidemics, which they called plague, producing high number of deaths, which meant a constant concern for the Greek world. In Greece.

-          -Greece, today call Hellenic Republic is a southern extension of the Balkan peninsula and numerous islands in the Aegean and Ionian seas. Arrived to a very high culture at the point of liaison between early civilizations, as evidenced by multiple historical evidence.



we are in process of the water proyect its a proyect with consists on conzientising people about water care, untill now we had done, one design and a research the research was about water pollution in the world, in Latin Ameriica and in Bogota.

WATER POLLUTION IN THE WORLD.

Throughout the history of mankind, of all substances of earth water is first among them and plays an important role in the life of man and nature. Water quenches thirst, gives growth to plants, with objects she can clean, do cleaning, washing food, etc. 400 years ago it was difficult to get water because the pumps were not good and people are worried about saving water, not wasted, but today they drew with modern pumps which is more convenient to obtain water from the mountains and There are also devices with which the treatment is made. But man can consume only water, because if you drink untreated water that may have bacteria and it can get sick.

Water is not only essential part of our physical nature and that of other living things, but also contributes to the general welfare of all human activities. It is used mostly as an indispensable element in the diet of all living things and this is one of the few elements without which life could not be sustained. It offers great benefits to humans, but also can transmit diseases such as cholera.

The water that comes from rivers, lakes and streams, is subject to severe contamination. Vehicle becomes a fungal infectious agent such as viruses and bacteria, as well as toxic pesticides, metals, which are harmful to health.

The water is also used to irrigate crops and provide drink for the animals, which are to be converted into food for humans and other living things, making a food chain, so that if the sources used are contaminated, too will contaminate our crops, animals, humans, and fish that are part of the aquatic environment.

Water is essential to life:

70% of our body is water.

Water is vital to life, health and serves to clean our body.

The water used to wash our clothes and utensils.

Also we need to cook our food, thirst quencher and brush our teeth.

Water pollution is the introduction of foreign matter into the water. These materials deteriorate water quality and make it useless for their intended uses.

How is water contaminated?

Water can be contaminated before it reaches the public for consumption and this is where different factors

The main contaminants in the water are:

Sewage and other oxygen-demanding waste (mostly organic material whose decomposition produces deoxygenated water).

Infectious agents.

Plant nutrients that can stimulate the growth of aquatic plants. These, in turn, interfere with the purpose for which it is intended and water, to decompose, depleting dissolved oxygen and produce unpleasant odors.

Chemicals, including pesticides, various industrial products, the surfactant substances contained in the detergents, and decomposition products of other organic compounds.

Oil, especially from accidental spills.

Inorganic minerals and chemical compounds.

Sediments formed by soil particles and minerals washed by storms and runoff from cropland, unprotected soils, mining, roads and urban demolition.

Radioactive substances from the waste produced by mining and refining of uranium and thorium, nuclear power plants and industrial, medical and radioactive materials scientist.

Heat can also be considered a pollutant when pouring the water used for cooling of factories and power plants raises water temperature of that source.

For domestic activities are all detergents, soaps, conditioners, shampoos, etc., Containing potassium, sulfates, etc...

For industrial activities is mercury, chromium, heavy metals and organic compounds derived from hydrocarbons, such as arsenic, cyanide and antimony.

Among the industries that pollute the water are the role of the sugar and plastic.

Wastes polluting water bodies may be of industrial, agricultural, livestock, school of public places.

Waste (garbage) deposited them on the ground and remain long without being collected, when wet liquid pollutants are generated, they seep into the ground water affecting the purity of the aquifers.

Abused detergents, bleaches, softeners, which are thrown into the drain causing rivers and lakes, are saturated foam, causing loss of oxygen in the water and the death of waterfowl.

In most cases, the water used is thrown into the drainage combined with some waste that can be dangerous as cyanide, phenols, mercury, lead, copper and zinc.

Rainwater in the City goes directly into drains and having no opportunity to be treated, becomes contaminated during passage draws all kinds of waste polluting rivers, lakes, river and sea.

What are the effects of water pollutants on health?

Water pollution has become a public health problem, because by eating food with dirty water may result from digestive disorders such as diarrhea, typhoid, cholera, to meningitis, encephalitis, hepatitis and respiratory syndromes.

Industrial pollution of groundwater remains a serious problem in most developed countries. Worldwide there is infiltration of toxic products in the soil and groundwater from gasoline storage tanks, landfills and industrial waste areas. In developed countries, one in six people drink water containing high levels of lead, major industrial toxics. Although the average quality of the river water has improved in the last 20 years in most industrialized nations, the concentrations of heavy metals such as lead remain at unacceptably high levels.

Another major cause of water pollution is the wastewater discharge. In developing countries, 95% of wastewater is discharged without being treated in nearby rivers, which in turn are often a source of drinking water. People who drink this water are more prone to infectious diseases that spread through contaminated water, the main health problem in developing countries.

Become aware of the problem that is causing the water is slowly running out worldwide. Begin to save it and not pollute because WATER IS LIFE! And if we all just die.

Save water:

1. Close the tap when brushing your teeth.

2. Close the tap when you are soaping in the shower.

3. Do not throw garbage into rivers.

Stop pollution:

1. LET polluting the river water.

2. Not use the rivers as dumping grounds.

3. This is not recommended washing clothes in rivers.

4. NOT to use the riverbanks to defecate

WATER POLLUTION IN LATIN AMERICA.

77 million people lack access to safe drinking water: The region has made great strides inrecent decades. The percentage of people in Latin America and the Caribbean with water services

drinking has increased from 33 percent of the population in 1960 to 85 percent by 2000, itwhich still leaves 77 million people without that service 51 million in rural areas and 26 millionm in urban areas.

100 million people lack health services: The percentage of people in

Latin America and the Caribbean with free health services between 1960 and 2000, increased from 14 to 49

percent of the population, leaving an estimated 256 million people using

latrines and septic tanks, along with 100 million people without any health service.

Untreated waste water: Less than 14 percent of the wastewater is treated

in sanitation plants, increasing the risk of long-term environmental damage, such as

water flows in rivers, lakes, groundwater and oceans.

Greater inequality between water tariffs: The statistics for 2000 show that people

poor paid between 1.5 and 2.8 times more for water than families of higher solvency in terms

real, to a much greater considering their income. The water quality

Also received was lower, increasing the risk of diarrheal diseases especially in infants.

Severe financial constraints: The financial resources for the water sector are

relatively few equally limiting the abilities of local and central governments of countries

rich, middle-income and poor countries in the western hemisphere to make tough decisions on what is

refers to the distribution of these resources and the impact this has on all sectors in

involved, ie between those using the water for drinking, industry and agriculture. Some of the financing alternatives have promoted solidarity funds,

public-private partnerships, community involvement and other alternative schemes.

Groundwater: Major aquifer in the western United States, Mexico and America

South are threatened by overfishing and pollution. In South America, 40 to 60

percent of the water used comes from aquifers that are facing increasing pollution

by waste waste from mining and agricultural activities. In Mexico, the

Groundwater represents the main source of supply 65 percent of the population. Of the 653

nation's 102 aquifers are overexploited.

Pollution of Lakes and Rivers: Many major lakes and river basins from Latin

North to South America are under great demand due to increased

population and pollution from industrial and agricultural activities, among them

found in U.S. lakes and Lake Chapala in Mexico.

Hurricanes and the effects of El Niño: In recent decades, the population growth in areas

that are on the coastal path of hurricanes has been enormous, increasing the risk of mortality

and economic losses. In 1998, Hurricane Mitch killed 9,000 people in Central

America, lost $ 6 billion in damages and a temporary disorder to 75 percent of the

Honduran population. A political leader said that storm alone destroyed 75 years

economic progress. The periodic effects of changes in the current versus the Pacific Ocean

coast of South America, known as El Niño, droughts and severe storms cause

turn, large-scale, highly populated areas in both North America and in

South America. Further developed climate change, as is the belief of some

scientists, hurricanes will become more potent and harmful.

Transboundary issues: Problems in the management of transboundary water resources

require management models that enable a distribution to the basin level and, at the same time,

respected the sovereignty of states. Many basins are shared between the Americas -

Canada and the United States, Mexico and the United States, among the Central American states,

between Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. Rich countries like Canada and the United States have not developed

even a plan to clean up the Great Lakes, suffering from decades of pollution due to

industrial and agricultural runoff, affecting the fauna and flora of the same. At the same time,

important agreements in the Río de la Plata (shared by Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay) have led to significant developments in water resources in this region, especially energy

so water navigation.

Wealth does not mean clean water: The regions of North America are not without problems

water due to its status among the richest countries. For example, in the United States 21 percent of

watersheds have serious water quality problems, while another 36 percent of the

basins have moderate problems. Over two thirds of the total population of the country, 218

million people live near a lake, river, stream or coastal area contaminated.

WATER POLLUTION IN BOGOTA

Pollution, desertification skyrocketing, the irrational exploitation, high consumption of water for domestic and industrial work and giant forest fires, are factors threatening the ultimate demise drinking water resource. This being a source scarce and non-renewable, has become a priority topic on the international agenda, where it has gained importance within the General Assembly of the United Nations and world summits as the IV World Forum Water. However, in countries like Colombia the argument focuses on maintaining the water as a public good, which lies in its strategic good condition, non-excludable and non-rival. Thus the water becomes problematic for capital cities like Bogota in a challenge that requires greater participation of communities and ensuring equitable distribution as vital right.

In Bogotá, water is a public service with high "export quality". This feature is because the supply of this water resource comes from the moor by a complex system of driving and transport and groundwater, although not fully exploited. Thus, the alert management Sumapaz and watershed must be considered by the Capital District as a city heritage. Thus, the care and maintenance of not only the citizens but also institutions like the Regional Autonomous Corporation (CAR), should be an environmental priority. These organizations provided by law 99 of 1993, we combine the recovery environment basin as the largest water resource in Bogotá, which is poured into the sewer by 70% to a high standard of potability.

Thus, awareness of water as a finite resource is the central issue on the agenda should take district, taking into account the negative consequences of urban activities such as planting potato crops and livestock on the edge of the moors. Moreover, its impact on the existence of water as a drinking source. The growing synergy between the city and the surrounding environment is the issue that includes the state guarantee the provision of water as a public service, in order to cope with the progressive population growth.

Thus, the strong level of growth spiral in Bogotá has prompted the intervention of non-exploitable ecosystems and investments that have generated negative impacts on the watershed and the Páramo de Sumapaz.

However, expansion processes are scarce water exploitation. In relation to the use of groundwater as a source of supply for the city, infiltrations in Bogota River Basin are as of only 10 Mm3, which would mean an unsustainable due to poor recharge capacity and declining groundwater level. To this should be added that, according to the lady, "although there is a large amount of groundwater stored in aquifers of Santa Fe de Bogota, recharging is only of the order of 1 m3 / s." Therefore, increasing levels groundwater extraction would route the existing district to a favorable balance.

Water, being a scarce and non-renewable in Bogota because of the scarcity of exploitable aquifers, there are high costs to the users of the public service. These abuses in the metering and billing of consumption are given by the consequences of poorly planned urban growth in the adjoining department of Cundinamarca and the hills surrounding the city and based on private ownership of urban land, the construction of which is an excellent business. Thus, the provision of public services to these sectors, particularly costly drinking water for the population. Currently, water management in Bogotá is provided by an initiative of "the World Bank and embodied in Act 142 of 1993, under the pretext of obtaining efficiency and effectiveness in water management, through the upper strata (5 and 6) to subsidize the lower income (1, 2 and 3). "

With regard to the high pricing of water and sewerage services as a result of population growth, 82% of respondents of the "Bogota as we go," pleaded affected by high water rates. A study of Proexport, the value of water in Bogotá M3 amounted to $ 1,816, while in other cities, such as Cali, its value is $ 992.80 and $ 983.00 in Medellin is. On the other hand, and the Comptroller General of the Republic had warned in 2004 that, in the case of Bogotá, the water and sewer rates in real terms grew between 1997 and 2002 as follows: 232% for stratum one , 138% in stratum two, 110% in stratum three, 59% in stratum four, 43% in stratum five and 39% in stratum six.

However, Bogota, being the capital city of Colombia and with "a population density of 7 million people" have a shortage of water resources, due to the absence of water-bearing caves subaltern. The aqueduct of Bogota, takes water from the region, and then returns it uses as waste water, heavily polluted by industrial waste and household. This event unsanitary (the plague of mosquitoes and odors from the dam) and environmental degradation is undeniable and actions should be aimed toward the river recovery. Thus, programs that are being presented and aimed more towards partial aspects as decontamination or flood prevention must take a holistic approach to and provide solutions to the Bogotá river pollution and water system of the Savannah such as reservoir "Muña".

In conclusion, according to a recent study of "Columbia University, with an aggregate sample of 143 countries, Colombia was ranked 90 of the largest drinking water quality." However, pollution, potato, coffee and corn on the slopes of the moors and deforestation are factors that have led to water quality and water resources in Colombia is damaged by human activities.